ʻO ke kumu o kēia ʻatikala, ʻo ia ke kūkākūkā i nā ʻano ʻekolu o nā kaʻina hana kiʻi lapaʻau i huikau pinepine ʻia e ka lehulehu, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo X-ray, CT, a me MRI.
Ka nui o ka radiation haʻahaʻa - X-ray
Pehea i loaʻa ai ka inoa o ke kiʻi X-ray?
Hoʻihoʻi kēlā iā mākou i 127 mau makahiki a hiki i Nowemapa. Ua ʻike ʻo Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, ke kanaka loea kino Kelemania, i kahi hanana i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma kāna keʻena hoʻokolohua haʻahaʻa, a laila ua hoʻolilo ʻo ia i mau pule ma ka keʻena hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻohuli pono i kāna wahine e hana ma ke ʻano he kumuhana hoʻāʻo, a hoʻopaʻa i ka X-ray mua ma ka mōʻaukala kanaka, no ka mea, ua piha ka mālamalama i ka mea pohihihi i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ua kapa ʻo Roentgen iā ia he X-ray. Ua hoʻokumu kēia ʻike nui i ke kumu no ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kiʻi lapaʻau i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo Nowemapa 8, 1895, ʻo ia ka International Radiological Day e hoʻomanaʻo ai i kēia ʻike kuʻuna.
He kukuna mālamalama ʻike ʻole ʻia ka X-ray me kahi nalu pōkole loa ʻo ia ka radiation electromagnetic ma waena o nā kukuna ultraviolet a me gamma. I ka manawa like, ikaika loa kona hiki ke komo, ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o nā ʻano ʻiʻo like ʻole o ke kino kanaka, ua omo ʻia ka X-ray i nā kekelē like ʻole ke hele i loko o ke kino kanaka, a ʻo ka X-ray me ka ʻike attenuation like ʻole ma hope o ke komo ʻana i loko o ke kino kanaka e hele ma o kahi ʻano o nā ʻenehana hoʻomohala, a ma ka hopena e hana i nā kiʻi kiʻi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo.
Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā kukuna X a me CT, a he mau ʻano like a me nā ʻokoʻa ko lāua. He ʻano like ko lāua ʻelua ma ke kumumanaʻo kiʻi, ʻo ia mau mea ʻelua e hoʻohana ana i ka komo ʻana o ka kukuna X e hana i nā kiʻi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo me ka ikaika attenuation like ʻole o ka radiation ma o nā kino kanaka me ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o nā ʻiʻo like ʻole. Akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa maopopo:
ʻO ka mea mua, ka ʻokoʻawahaheʻei ke ʻano a me ka hana ʻana o nā lako. ʻOi aku ka like o kahi X-ray me ka hele ʻana i kahi keʻena kiʻi e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, kōkua ʻia ka mea maʻi me ke kau maʻamau o kahi hoʻokolokolo, a laila hoʻohana ʻia ke kukui X-ray (kāmela nui) e pana i ke kiʻi i hoʻokahi kekona. Ua like ke ʻano o nā lako CT me kahi "donut" nui, a pono ka mea hana e kōkua i ka mea maʻi ma luna o ka moena hoʻokolokolo, e komo i ka lumi hana, a hana i kahi scan CT no ka mea maʻi.
ʻO ka lua, ka ʻokoʻawahaheʻei nā ʻano hana kiʻi. He kiʻi ʻelua-dimensional ke kiʻi X-ray, a hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻike kiʻi o kahi kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi pana, ʻo ia hoʻi hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao. Ua like ia me ka nānā ʻana i kahi ʻāpana toast i ʻoki ʻole ʻia ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike maopopo ʻia ke ʻano o loko. Ua haku ʻia ke kiʻi CT me kahi moʻo o nā kiʻi tomography, ʻo ia hoʻi ka wehewehe ʻana i ka papa o ke ʻano o nā ʻiʻo ma ka papa, me ka maopopo a hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi e hōʻike i nā kikoʻī a me nā ʻano i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonā ma mua o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni X-ray.
ʻO ke kolu, i kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana palekana ʻia ke kiʻi X-ray i ka ʻike kōkua o ka makahiki iwi o nā keiki, ʻaʻole pono nā mākua e hopohopo nui e pili ana i ka hopena o ka radiation, he liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o ka radiation X-ray. Aia kekahi mau maʻi e hele mai i ka haukapila no ka mālama orthopedic ma muli o ka trauma, e synthesize ke kauka i nā pono a me nā hemahema o X-ray a me CT, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau ke koho mua no ka hoʻokolokolo X-ray, a i ka wā ʻaʻole hiki ke maopopo nā lesions o ka X-ray a i ʻole nā lesions kānalua i loaʻa a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia, e ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo CT ma ke ʻano he kōkua hoʻoikaika.
Mai huikau iā MRI me X-ray a me CT
MRIUa like ke ʻano me CT i ka helehelena, akā ʻo kona puka hohonu a me nā lua liʻiliʻi e lawe mai i kahi manaʻo o ke kaomi i ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu e makaʻu ai ka poʻe he nui iā ia.
He ʻokoʻa loa kona kumumanaʻo mai ke X-ray a me ka CT.
Ua ʻike mākou ua haku ʻia ke kino o ke kanaka me nā ʻātoma, ʻo ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, aia nā proton hydrogen i loko o ka wai, ke moe ke kino o ke kanaka i loko o ke kahua magnetic, aia kekahi ʻāpana o nā proton hydrogen a me ka hōʻailona pulse o ke kahua magnetic waho "resonance", ʻo ke alapine i hana ʻia e ka "resonance" e loaʻa i ka mea loaʻa, a ʻo ka hope loa ke hana nei ke kamepiula i ka hōʻailona resonance nāwaliwali, e hana ana i kahi kiʻi ʻokoʻa ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo.
ʻIke ʻoe, ʻaʻohe pōʻino o ka radiation resonance magnetic nuklea, ʻaʻohe radiation ionizing, ua lilo ia i ʻano hana kiʻi maʻamau. No nā ʻiʻo palupalu e like me ka ʻōnaehana nerve, nā hono, nā ʻiʻo a me ka momona, makemake ʻia ka MRI.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā contraindications, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kekahi mau ʻano ma mua o CT, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā nodules pulmonary liʻiliʻi, nā haki, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka pololei o ka CT. No laila, inā e koho i ka X-ray, CT a i ʻole MRI, pono ke kauka e koho i nā hōʻailona.
Eia kekahi, hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i nā lako MRI he magnet nui, e hāʻule nā lako uila kokoke iā ia, e hoʻopili koke ʻia nā mea metala kokoke iā ia, e hopena i ka "hopena missile", he mea weliweli loa.
No laila, ʻo ka palekana o ka hoʻokolokolo MRI he pilikia maʻamau ia no nā kauka. I ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka hoʻokolokolo MRI, pono e haʻi i ke kauka i ka mōʻaukala me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me nā kikoʻī, e hahai i ke kauoha a ka poʻe loea, a e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokolokolo palekana.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia e hoʻokō pono ana kēia mau ʻano hana kiʻi lapaʻau X-ray, CT a me MRI kekahi i kekahi a lawelawe i nā mea maʻi.
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E like me kā kākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kiʻi lapaʻau he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi moʻo o nā lako lapaʻau - nā mea hoʻokomo ʻākena hoʻohālikelike a me kā lākou mau mea hoʻopau kākoʻo - i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma kēia kahua. Ma Kina, kahi i kaulana no kāna ʻoihana hana, he nui nā mea hana kaulana ma ka home a ma waho no ka hana ʻana i nā lako kiʻi lapaʻau, meʻO LnkMedMai kona hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana, ua kālele nui ʻo LnkMed i ke kahua o nā mea hoʻokomo ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei ka hui ʻenekinia o LnkMed e kahi Ph.D. me nā makahiki he ʻumi a ʻoi aku o ka ʻike a ua komo nui ʻo ia i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi ʻana, ʻo kaʻO ka mea hoʻokomo poʻo hoʻokahi CT,ʻO ka mea hoʻokomo poʻo pālua CT,Mea hoʻokomo ʻokoʻa MRI, a meʻO ka mea hoʻokomo ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi angiographyua hoʻolālā ʻia me kēia mau hiʻohiʻona: ke kino ikaika a paʻa, ka ʻaoʻao hana maʻalahi a akamai, nā hana piha, palekana kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻolālā paʻa. Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā syringes a me nā paipu e kūpono me kēlā mau lama kaulana o CT, MRI, DSA injectors Me ko lākou ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka ikaika ʻoihana, ke kono aku nei nā limahana āpau o LnkMed iā ʻoe e hele mai e ʻimi pū i nā mākeke hou aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-04-2024
